What is the best way to navigate using natural references underwater?

Navigating underwater using natural references is most effectively done by understanding and utilizing underwater currents and formations. This method is rooted in the ability to read the environment, which includes recognizing specific topographical features such as reefs, rocks, or other geological formations that can serve as landmarks. These elements can help divers orient themselves and make informed decisions about their direction and position.

Utilizing underwater currents is particularly important, as these can significantly affect a diver's movement and location. Being aware of which way currents are flowing can help a diver anticipate drift and adjust their trajectory accordingly. Furthermore, underwater formations often remain consistent in their positioning, unlike currents which can vary with environmental changes.

The other options, while they may have some relevance, are not as reliable for effective navigation. Frequently returning to the surface can disrupt a dive experience and may not provide sufficient information about the underwater landscape. Relying solely on noise and sounds might not always yield accurate results, as sound transmission can vary greatly in water and can be misleading. Estimating from sight alone may lead to inaccuracies, especially in poor visibility conditions, where natural references might not be clearly discernible. Thus, using currents and formations as navigation aids proves to be the most dependable and systematic approach.