What is a recommended action to reduce the risk of hypercapnia while diving?

To mitigate the risk of hypercapnia, which is the buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream, one recommended action is to breathe slowly and deeply. This technique enhances ventilation, allowing for more effective gas exchange in the lungs. By increasing the tidal volume—how much air you breathe in with each breath—divers can help ensure that they are expelling sufficient carbon dioxide and absorbing adequate oxygen.

When divers breathe slowly and deeply, they maintain an appropriate balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide, preventing the risk of hypercapnia, which can arise from rapid or shallow breathing. This method also helps maintain a relaxed state, which is crucial during dives, as stress or panic can lead to an increased respiratory rate, contributing to imbalances in gas levels.

In contrast, using a low-flow regulator does not directly address the issue of gas exchange and could potentially limit the volume of air inhaled, while ascending frequently can lead to other complications. Holding one's breath for extended periods exacerbates the problem of CO2 buildup and can lead to serious divers' risks. Therefore, controlled, deeper breathing is the most effective strategy for reducing the risk of hypercapnia while diving.